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Shorne Woods open day 17th June 2017
Posted in News & Events
Tagged cobham landscape detectives, shorne woods country park
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Historypin and the Randal Manor flask
Work at the Randall Manor dig uncovered a lead flask buried in the floor of the stone cross wing extension of the medieval manor (the cross wing was probably added in the early 14th century, to a 13th century aisled hall). This find was recently added to the local history website Historypin.
Dr Ceri Houlbrook, an Early Career Researcher with the History Group at the University of Hertfordshire, added our find to a list of bottles and other containers found in unusual contexts. She has mapped over 100 items on the on the Concealed Revealed Historypin collection.
Visit the site by clicking here.
YAC Archaeological Dig 2016
Young Archaeologists’ Club dig: Shorne Woods, 13 March 2016
On Sunday the 13th March 2016 a group of young enthusiastic archaeologists (YACs) conducted a dig on a demolished WWII RAF Camp within the boundary of Shorne Country Park. One of the young members of the group found a model battleship (below).
Originally we thought the model battleship was of a Leander Class Cruiser but a friend’s son-in-law, who has a good knowledge of Royal Navy Ships, pointed out the toy ship was in fact HMS Vanguard made by the Crescent Toy Company (below).
History of the HMS Vanguard
1Work on HMS Vanguard Fast Battleship’s design was begun before the start WWII in response to the possibility of the Royal Navy being outnumbered by a combined force of German and Japanese battleships. Work on the ship started and stopped several times during the war and even after construction had begun, her design was revised several times to reflect war experience, notably the loss of the battleship Prince of Wales and battlecruiser Repulse as a result of being attacked by Japanese aircraft.
2When the war in Europe ended come May of 1945, the decision was made to complete her in case the war in the Pacific against the Empire of Japan dragged on. As such, Vanguard was launched in 1944 but not formally commissioned until August 9th, 1946. She was larger than the preceding King George V battleship – heavier, bigger and with greatly increased armament capability. The King George V-class of battleships each held 14-inch main guns and, with the development and use of 16-inch guns by the United States and Japanese navies, the King George V-class was suddenly viewed as under-armed. The British Admiralty looked at 16-inch guns but the time needed for development and manufacture of such new rifles made the decision mute.
Britain had a number of 15-inch guns available so it seemed the best fit for a new design with the war winding down in Europe. Many publications originally indicate the 15-inch guns were removed from HMS Courageous and HMS Glorious and that these vessels were then converted to aircraft carriers. However, the Admiralty kept strict documentation on each gun and new reviews have come to indicate the guns came from five battleships and one monitor: two from HMS Queen Elizabeth, two from the HMS Ramillies, one from HMS Royal Sovereign, one from HMS Resolution, one from the monitor HMS Erebus, and the last from the famous HMS Warspite.
The 15-inch guns were doubled across four turret emplacements, these held as two forward and two aft installations. The new Vanguard had 16 x 5.25-inch heavy secondary guns for close-in fighting, these situated as 8 x double mounts, four fitted to port side and four along the starboard. The Vanguard had the most anti-aircraft guns onboard than any other ship in the British Navy, counting 73 x 40mm Bofors type cannons. Despite this formidable array, the Vanguard would never fire her guns in anger throughout the remainder of the war.
1In 1947 the ship conveyed King George VI and his family on the Royal Tour of South Africa. She was due to take King George VI on a Royal Tour of Australia and New Zealand the following year (1948), but the tour was cancelled due to King George’s declining health.
Vanguard served as flagship to a number units she was attached to, included the Mediterranean Fleet and the Home Fleet Training Squadron.
During a refit in 1955, the Admiralty announced that the ship was going to be put into reserve upon completion of the work. She was latter sold for scrap and was broken up beginning in 1960.
HMS Vanguard toy and the Crescent Toy Company
3The Crescent Toy Company was a British manufacturer of die cast toys founded by Henry George Eagles and Arthur Schneider in 1922 and was located at 67, DeBeauvoir Crescent, Kingston Road, London. As well as toy ships they manufactured lead (hollow cast) figures and animals, vehicles, toy guns, and later plastic figures and toy soldiers.
At some point in the 1930s, one of Henry’s brother, Arthur, joined the Company under the name of Mr. Harvey to avoid suspicion of nepotism and worked as a foreman in the lead casting shop.
It is understood that Arthur Schneider emigrated to America during the early part of the second world war due to connotations with his German surname.
Unfortunately Henry’s health deteriorated and he died in 1942. The running of the business was taken over by his brother Arthur (Mr Harvey) aided by Doris Eagles, one of Henry’s four children.
During the war years the company manufactured munitions’ parts. At the end of the war, Henry’s two sons, Harry and Ernie, who had served in the armed forces, joined the company along with their younger brother Frank and they together with their sister Doris, the Company Secretary held the controlling interest.
With an eye to the development grants, then available for industry to move to Wales, in 1949 the company opened a factory in Cwmcarn.
Discord between the families got rather bitter and ‘Mr. Harvey’ set up The Harvey Toy Company in Commerce Road, Wood Green, in the name given to him by his brother many years before.
4The Crescent Toy Company ceased trading in 1983. 5Research indicates that the toy battle ship was added to the Crescent Toy Companies’ range of toys soon after the ship was commissioned in 1946.
Footnotes
1 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Vanguard_(23)
2 http://www.militaryfactory.com/ships/detail.asp?ship_id=HMS-Vanguard-23
3https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crescent_Toys
4 https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/49473/page/11929
5 http://waterline-ships.com/index.php?main_page=product_info&cPath=4&products_id=10167&zenid=bjim6ufc9g8p4046lbkh15nbm5
(Donald Blackburn, 10 April 2017)
Posted in News & Events, Sites
Tagged excavation, shorne woods country park, world war II, YAC
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Pat Sandford: memories of the Darnley Estate
I lived in Ivymeath House, 284 Maidstone Road, Chatham from when I was born in 1928 until 1953.
Joining the Scouts
Peter Harvey, who was a scout master for the Mathematical School 2nd Medway Scouts, lived opposite us and as I went to that school I joined the scout troop in 1941; I can remember the date as Lord Baden Powell died about a month before I joined.
Mr Judd, who was a founder member of the scout troop used to come to the school every Thursday in his full scout uniform, including his campaign hat!
We went to Knights Place Farm for Whitsun scout camp every year and stayed in The Upper Floor of an Oast House that belonged to Mr Sedgwick, the farm owner. One of my memories is that it was quite cold!
Our camp fire, kitchen and dining shelter area were in a corner of the farm just outside the Darnley Estate fence. (See map below)
Adjacent to the Oast House was 4 acre field that sloped downwards, in a north westerly direction, to the edge of the Darnley Estate. There was an iron barred fence round the estate, we walked towards the fence and went onto the estate through a gate in the fence.
We had to pass an ‘Axemanship Test’, which was in two parts, 2nd & 1st class badge tests. The 2nd class was the use and safety of a knife and the 1st class was using a felling axe to cut up logs and fell any dead or diseased trees, for which the scoutmaster had to take us into the woods.
We were taken to see the ‘toe monument’ (this was a monument erected to mark the death of the 5th Earl of Darnley who died on the 11th February 1835 due to an accident with an axe) and told the story of how he died so that we were more aware of the dangers of using an axe and that septicaemia could kill you.
The local story is that the Earl was out in the woods and he saw one of the woodsmen using his axe in an unsafe manner and demanded his axe so that he could show him how it should be done, the result was that he chopped off his toe and died of tetanus four days later. Whether this is true or not has not been established.
We also played games on these camps, one of which was ‘Flag Raid’. There were two teams and each team had different colour wool wound round their arms and the object was to capture the flag by creeping and crawling to remain undetected. If you were caught the wool was stripped from your arm and you were ‘dead’.
We had to collect the dead wood to make our camp fire; this was not only to keep us warm but was also used for cooking our meals.
We also did night hikes into the park to the mausoleum, which was very creepy as you can imagine with a group of teenage boys. I don’ know why but I have a vivid memory of a tree, about 20 feet tall, growing out of the pointed dome roof, it was in a very poor and dilapidated condition and I am pleased that it has now been restored.
Deer culls and lime quarries

Map showing the eastern boundary of Cobham Park, the scout camp kitchen area and the deer culling area.
When I was 17, just before I joined the marines, a friend of mine, Peter Auger, invited me to be a beater for a deer cull that was going to take place. The deer were escaping from the park and getting into the arable land. I don’t know whether this was because the deer were jumping the fence or that the fence had fallen into disrepair but anyway, they were escaping. There were about six guns on the day. I didn’t enjoy seeing the deer being shot as we flushed them out so I never went back to another cull.
The above map shows where the deer cull took place.
In 1950, after I had completed my National Service with the Royal Marines the previous year, we would catch a bus to Reed Court, walk along the track to Knights Place farm, through the Darnley Estate and into Cobham where we would go into the tea shop before returning home.
Not really pertinent to Cobham but interesting local history. In 1949 I tried to get into agricultural college but there was a very long waiting list so I went to work, as a labourer, for my father in his Lime business at Bluebell Hill. Agricultural lime was very much in demand to get the soil back to fertility, quicklime, on the other hand, was an expensive commodity and despite generous government subsidies had fallen in demand. The subsidies were as high as 60% to 70% depending on the time of year. At the time the chalk had to be excavated with pick axes and it was obvious that the business needed to invest in new machinery. (See photograph below).
To illustrate the lack of Health & Safety in the workplace, to say nothing of National security, I used to visit the local gunsmiths, Sanders, who had a shop at the back of Maidstone Town Hall, in order to purchase gunpowder, detonators and fuse wire. The detonators were kept in a small tobacco tin, which also contained sawdust to keep the detonators apart so that there was no chance of any contact, which could have caused problems.
My father, the senior partner, eventually realised that the days of quicklime were coming to a close and we invested in machinery, in order to produce the more popular Agricultural Lime (which was screened & processed chalk). (Quicklime was also known as burnt lime).
In 1970 the lime workings came to an abrupt halt. The KCC needed a new by pass to solve the traffic problems occurring in the village of Bluebell Hill, their chosen route was right through the centre of our quarry and was compulsory purchased by KCC . I was 44 years old, I had Lorries and spreading machinery, with nothing to haul or spread.
Eventually I managed to open another quarry at Detling and there I remained until my retirement in 1998.
The photograph below, although not top quality, shows myself on the right and ‘Bunny’Austen on the left, with pickaxe poised for action on the face of the chalk quarry. His nickname ‘Bunny’ was after the famous British tennis player of the mid to late 30’s.
(As told to Trevor Bent in June 2016.)
Posted in Oral History
Tagged cobham landscape detectives, environmental, social history
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